If using whole flying foxes, ensure they are cleaned and skinned. Remove the wings and any inedible parts. Rinse well under cold water.
In a large pot, heat the vegetable oil over medium heat.
Add the flying foxes and brown on all sides. This should take about 5-7 minutes.
Add the finely chopped onion, minced garlic, and minced ginger to the pot. Sauté until the onion is translucent and fragrant, about 5 minutes.
Stir in the chopped tomatoes, sliced carrots, and cubed potatoes.
Pour in the coconut milk and water or chicken broth. Stir to combine.
Add the soy sauce, lime juice, ground turmeric, ground black pepper, and salt to taste. If using, add the finely chopped red chili peppers for heat.
Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat to low.
Cover the pot and let the stew simmer for about 1.5 to 2 hours, or until the meat is tender and the vegetables are cooked through. Stir occasionally to prevent sticking.
Taste the stew and adjust the seasoning with additional salt, pepper, or lime juice if necessary.
Ladle the flying fox stew into serving bowls.
Garnish with chopped fresh cilantro or parsley.
Enjoy your meal!