In a food processor or blender, combine the soaked dried chilies, fresh red chilies, garlic, ginger, galangal, lemongrass, shallots, shrimp paste, ground coriander, ground turmeric, and ground cumin.
Blend until you get a smooth paste. Add a little water if necessary to help with blending.
In a large pot, heat the vegetable oil over medium heat.
Add the laksa paste and cook, stirring frequently, until fragrant and the oil begins to separate from the paste, about 5-7 minutes.
Add the chicken broth or water to the pot with the laksa paste. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat to low and let it simmer for about 10 minutes.
Stir in the coconut milk and continue to simmer for another 5 minutes.
If using, add the sliced chicken or shrimp and cook until they are just done, about 3-5 minutes.
Add the fish cakes or tofu puffs and let them heat through.
Divide the cooked rice noodles and bean sprouts among serving bowls.
Ladle the hot laksa soup over the noodles and bean sprouts, ensuring each bowl gets a good amount of broth and toppings.
Top each bowl with halved hard-boiled eggs.
Garnish with fresh chopped cilantro.
Enjoy your meal!